Snakeheads (Pisces: Channidae): Natural History, Biology and economic Importance

Peter K. L. Ng and Kelvin K. P. Lim ; Department of Zoology, National University of Singapore -
Kelvin K. P. Lim ; Department of Zoology, National University of Singapore -

Adult

9a. In life, body plain coloured, ocassionally dark brown, or with pale saddle-like patches on a dark dorsum; ventral surfaces uniformly coloured, without scattered brown flecks; lightening of colour from dorsum to ventral surfaces gradual and regular; ventral part of head usually appears marbled; sides of lower jaw parallel or slightly diverging; in life, margins of pelvic, anal, caudal and dorsal fins thinly lined with yellow or white (Malaysia, Singapore, Java, Sumatra, Borneo).

b. In life, body plain coloured or with short dark oblique striations on brown dorsum; ventral surfaces uniformly coloured, without scattered brown flecks; lightening of colour from dorsum to ventral surfaces sudden and irregular; ventral surfaces of head with scattered brown flecks and spots, without marbling pattern; ventral part of head usually appears marbled; sides of lower jaw converging; in life, margins of anal fins may be thinly lined with yellow or white, caudal and dorsal fins never similarly fringed (Malaysia, Singapore, Java, Sumatra, Borneo).

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